{"id":681,"date":"2010-07-14T01:56:10","date_gmt":"2010-07-13T23:56:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/?p=681"},"modified":"2015-04-27T22:48:10","modified_gmt":"2015-04-27T20:48:10","slug":"true-or-not-these-legends-inspire-us","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/true-or-not-these-legends-inspire-us\/","title":{"rendered":"True or not, these legends inspire us"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Parents never have an easy time. Children are always asking questions that demand scientific answers \u2014 questions like &#8220;Why is the sky blue?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>But for the past 100 years, American parents have had an easy alternative when small children ask complex questions about geology, like &#8220;How was the Grand Canyon formed?&#8221; and &#8220;Where do the Great Lakes come from?&#8221; Instead of explaining erosion and <span id=\"tooltip552040729be86\">glacial retreat<\/span>, they can simply quote from a popular folk legend.<\/p>\n<h2>Paul Bunyan<\/h2>\n<p><b>Paul Bunyan<\/b> was a <span id=\"tooltip552040729c276\">lumberjack<\/span> of enormous size whose actions <span id=\"tooltip552040729c65d\">carved<\/span> all the wonders of the American <span id=\"tooltip552040729ca45\">outdoors<\/span>. Together with <b>Babe<\/b>, a giant blue ox, he <span id=\"tooltip552040729ce2a\">cleared<\/span> the American Midwest for farming.<\/p>\n<p>Walking around Minnesota, Paul and Babe made deep tracks, which filled up with rainwater and became the 10,000 lakes for which the state is famous. Paul dug the nearby Great Lakes for Babe to drink from. He formed the Grand Canyon while walking out West, dragging his <span id=\"tooltip552040729d214\">axe<\/span> behind him.<\/p>\n<p>I personally found the Bunyan stories <span id=\"tooltip552040729d5f9\">terrifying<\/span>, as I imagined the danger of being <span id=\"tooltip552040729d9e6\">crushed<\/span> beneath his oversized boots. But in Michigan and Minnesota, he is a gentle colossus <a title=\"Roadside statues and other tributes to the Great Tree-Biter, Paul Bunyan (Roadsideamerica.com)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.roadsideamerica.com\/set\/bunylist.html\" target=\"_blank\">often remembered<\/a> in <span id=\"tooltip552040729ddca\">roadside statuary<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Some sources say Paul Bunyan was the subject of &#8220;<span id=\"tooltip552040729e1fe\">tall tales<\/span>&#8221; told by Midwestern lumberjacks around their campfires. Others name journalist James MacGillivray as the author of a newspaper story about Bunyan in 1906 and a collection of Bunyan stories in 1910.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/SoG94ieN828\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Pecos Bill and John Henry<\/h2>\n<p>Other invented legends, or &#8220;fakelore&#8221;, soon followed.<\/p>\n<p>In Texas, a giant cowboy known as <b>Pecos Bill<\/b> was said to have been raised by <span id=\"tooltip552040729e98b\">coyotes<\/span>. As an adult, he tied <span id=\"tooltip552040729ed6b\">rattlesnakes<\/span> into lassos, <span id=\"tooltip552040729f14c\">roped<\/span> a whole <span id=\"tooltip552040729f534\">herd of cattle<\/span> at once, and rode a tornado like a <span id=\"tooltip552040729fd94\">bronco<\/span>. Author Edward O&#8217;Reilly published these stories in a magazine in 1916, then as a book in 1923.<\/p>\n<p><b>John Henry<\/b>, the leader of a <span id=\"tooltip55204072a0168\">gang<\/span> of West Virginia railroad workers, appeared in a 1931 novel by Roark Bradford. Henry was so powerful that he could drive in <span id=\"tooltip55204072a04d6\">railroad spikes<\/span> with a single swing of his giant hammer. When his boss bought a <span id=\"tooltip55204072a08bd\">steam-powered<\/span> machine to do the same task, Henry tried to prove the machine was unnecessary, in order to save his job. He <span id=\"tooltip55204072a0cad\">summoned<\/span> all his strength to show he was faster than the machine, but he collapsed and died.<\/p>\n<h2>The age of giants<\/h2>\n<p>Why did all these stories about <b>hard-working &#8220;big men&#8221;<\/b> become popular around the same time? I don&#8217;t know, but I have a few theories.<\/p>\n<p>1. <span id=\"tooltip55204072a108c\">Industrial Age<\/span> <b>nostalgia<\/b> for the ways of the pioneers. The land had been <span id=\"tooltip55204072a14cf\">tamed<\/span> and settled, and all the <span id=\"tooltip55204072a185c\">gaps<\/span> closed. Arizona became the 48th and last state in the continental US in 1912.<\/p>\n<p>2. Peak <b>immigration<\/b> around 1910. The legends might have been a way of reminding people that the early settlers had worked just as hard as recent immigrants.<\/p>\n<p>3. America&#8217;s awakening as a <b>global power<\/b>. The defeat of Spain in the Spanish-American War (1898) and of Germany in World War I (1918) <span id=\"tooltip55204072a2046\">contributed to<\/span> strong feelings of nationalism and a dislike of all things European.<\/p>\n<p>Poet <a title=\"Carl Sandburg (Wikipedia)\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carl_Sandburg\" target=\"_blank\">Carl Sandburg<\/a>, for example, decided that stories about princes and castles weren&#8217;t relevant to American children, so he wrote his own American <span id=\"tooltip55204072a2417\">fairy tales<\/span>. His <i>Rootabaga Stories<\/i>, published in 1922, took place in farm country.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Parents never have an easy time. Children are always asking questions that demand scientific answers \u2014 questions like &#8220;Why is the sky blue?&#8221; But for the past 100 years, American parents have had an easy alternative when small children ask complex questions about geology, like &#8220;How was the Grand Canyon formed?&#8221; and &#8220;Where do the Great Lakes come from?&#8221; Instead <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/true-or-not-these-legends-inspire-us\/\">&#8230; >><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[13,22,209,164,229,121,151],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/681"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=681"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/681\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1750,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/681\/revisions\/1750"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}