{"id":585,"date":"2009-07-23T13:01:55","date_gmt":"2009-07-23T11:01:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/?p=585"},"modified":"2015-04-27T21:08:14","modified_gmt":"2015-04-27T19:08:14","slug":"the-most-trusted-man-in-america-is-dead","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/the-most-trusted-man-in-america-is-dead\/","title":{"rendered":"The most trusted man in America is dead"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This summer seems like it&#8217;s been the summer of death. The <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fd97d9\">Grim Reaper<\/span> has <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fd9bbf\">claimed<\/span> <a title=\"Farrah Fawcett (Wikipedia)\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Farrah_fawcett\" target=\"_blank\">one of Charlie&#8217;s Angels<\/a>, <a title=\"Michael Jackson (Wikipedia)\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michael_Jackson\" target=\"_blank\">a 50-year-old kid<\/a> who&#8217;d held a baby out a window, <a title=\"The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara (IMdB)\" href=\"http:\/\/us.imdb.com\/title\/tt0317910\/\" target=\"_blank\">a defense secretary<\/a> who&#8217;d been responsible for the Vietnam War, and <a title=\"Special Report: Frank McCourt (Spotlight Online)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.spotlight-online.de\/news\/special-report\/frank-mccourt-a-phoenix-from-the-ashes\" target=\"_blank\">an Irish-American author<\/a> who, in old age, was still complaining about his awful childhood. Now the most trusted man in America has joined them.<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;m not talking about Barack Obama, or <a title=\"Two Thumbs Up for Roger Ebert (Mike Pilewski)\" href=\"\/blog\/two-thumbs-up-for-roger-ebert\" target=\"_blank\">Roger Ebert<\/a>, or Bill Gates. (They&#8217;re all still alive.) No, it was a 92-year-old named <b>Walter Cronkite<\/b>. For 30 years in the 1950s, &#8217;60s and &#8217;70s, &#8220;the Cronk&#8221; was the face of the evening news. He&#8217;d put on his reading glasses and tell it like it was.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/WkrABAfX2kI\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Cronkite knew how to describe strange events in faraway places in ways that people could understand. He told you both sides of the story. He asked the right questions. He knew what was important and what wasn&#8217;t. He gave every story an <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fd9fa7\">air<\/span> of drama, without being melodramatic. He understood that news should be fascinating, but not entertaining.<\/p>\n<p>He brought the Vietnam War, the deaths of <a title=\"Walter Cronkite announces death of JFK (YouTube)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2K8Q3cqGs7I\" target=\"_blank\">John F. Kennedy<\/a> and <a title=\"1968 King Assassination Report (CBS News)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cmOBbxgxKvo\" target=\"_blank\">Martin Luther King<\/a>, and <a title=\"Cronkite Anchors First Moonwalk (CBS)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dgllSrCo7Fg\" target=\"_blank\">the moon landings<\/a> into Americans&#8217; living rooms; and he read the news with authority, ending each <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fda38f\">broadcast<\/span> with the words &#8220;And that&#8217;s the way it was, this Thursday, October 4&#8221; (or whatever day it was).<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fda777\">Surveys<\/span> <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdab5e\">consistently<\/span> rated him the most trusted man in America. (His <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdaf4c\">resemblance<\/span> to <a title=\"Captain Kangaroo (Tvparty.com)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tvparty.com\/lostterrytoons.html\" target=\"_blank\">Captain Kangaroo<\/a>, the <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdb32f\">host<\/span> of a popular children&#8217;s show on the same <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdb718\">network<\/span>, certainly helped. I always thought Kangaroo was Cronkite on his <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdbaff\">days off<\/span>.)<\/p>\n<h2>Fairness was the rule<\/h2>\n<p>Cronkite&#8217;s journalistic standards came from what was known as the <a title=\"What Happened to Fairness? (PBS television)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/now\/politics\/fairness.html\" target=\"_blank\">&#8220;fairness doctrine&#8221;<\/a>. This set of rules was <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdbee8\">enforced<\/span> by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdc2ce\">issues<\/span> licenses to television and radio stations. In exchange for use of the public airwaves, the FCC required stations to use some of their <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdc6b5\">airtime<\/span> to present news and discussion of matters of public interest. <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdca9f\">Contrasting<\/span> but <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdce86\">balanced<\/span> opinions were to be presented as well, and identified as such. If a station said something negative about a particular person, the person had to be told within 24 hours and given the opportunity to respond <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdd26e\">on the air<\/span> \u2014 which many did.<\/p>\n<p>The stations themselves, however, tended to see news as a problem. It was expensive to do well, and could not pay for itself. The <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdd656\">harm<\/span> to the stations&#8217; finances could be minimized if more viewers could be attracted. But Cronkite was still on the air.<\/p>\n<p>In 1978, his <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdda3e\">competitors<\/span> at the ABC network <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdde2b\">revamped<\/span> their <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fde20d\">newscast<\/span> with brightly colored flying logos, music and <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fde5f5\">news anchors<\/span> in different cities. It had what I think was a hidden political <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fde9de\">agenda<\/span> as well: each night&#8217;s newscast counted the days that American <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdedc5\">embassy staff<\/span> had been <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdf1af\">held hostage<\/span> in revolutionary Iran. This <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdf595\">embarrassed<\/span> Jimmy Carter&#8217;s government <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdf97d\">one day at a time<\/span> and cost him the 1980 election.<\/p>\n<p>CNN brought flying logos of its own when it began service in 1980. Worse, if the news could be spread out over 24 hours instead of condensed into half an hour, there was less of a need to <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fdfd63\">edit<\/span> it and <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fe014c\">distinguish<\/span> between what was important and what was not.<\/p>\n<p>In 1987, the government of Ronald Reagan <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fe0539\">got rid of<\/span> the fairness doctrine. Reporters could now decide how to present their own stories. Suddenly it was possible to <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fe091d\">slander<\/span> people on the air. This <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fe0d04\">opened the door to<\/span> stations with very politicized agendas, the <a title=\"Outfoxed: Rupert Murdoch's War on Journalism\" href=\"http:\/\/www.outfoxed.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Fox News Channel<\/a> being the most familiar example.<\/p>\n<p>Cronkite wouldn&#8217;t have <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fe10eb\">approved<\/span> of news anchors commenting on the stories they&#8217;d just read or <span id=\"tooltip551f4a0fe14d6\">humiliating<\/span> their guests by shouting at them. &#8220;Report the news. Don&#8217;t be the news&#8221; is what he would have said. And that&#8217;s the way it was.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This summer seems like it&#8217;s been the summer of death. The Grim Reaper has claimed one of Charlie&#8217;s Angels, a 50-year-old kid who&#8217;d held a baby out a window, a defense secretary who&#8217;d been responsible for the Vietnam War, and an Irish-American author who, in old age, was still complaining about his awful childhood. Now the most trusted man in <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/the-most-trusted-man-in-america-is-dead\/\">&#8230; >><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,117],"tags":[152,10,97,22,221,33,99,86],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=585"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1631,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585\/revisions\/1631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fascinating-america.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}